In a world beset by escalating conflicts, climate disasters, and humanitarian crises, the United Nations (UN)—an institution designed to safeguard global peace and security—finds itself increasingly ineffective. From its inability to resolve the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war to its slow response to climate emergencies, the UN’s indecision has raised questions about its relevance and functionality in the 21st century.
The Russia-Ukraine War: A Test the UN is Failing
The Russia-Ukraine conflict, now in its third year, is perhaps the starkest example of the UN's inability to act decisively. Despite clear violations of international law, including Russia’s annexation of Ukrainian territories and targeting of civilians, the UN Security Council has remained largely paralysed due to Russia’s veto power as a permanent member.
Key issues include:
- Deadlocked Security Council: Any resolution condemning Russia or enforcing consequences has been blocked by Moscow, often with tacit support from China.
- Ineffectiveness of the General Assembly: While the Assembly has passed non-binding resolutions condemning Russian aggression, these lack enforcement mechanisms, reducing them to symbolic gestures.
“The UN’s very structure prevents it from taking meaningful action in conflicts where a permanent member is involved,” says political analyst Carla Ruiz.
The result? A growing sense of frustration among smaller nations and a widening credibility gap for the UN as an impartial arbiter of peace.
Humanitarian Crises Ignored
Beyond conflicts, the UN has also faltered in addressing pressing humanitarian crises. Yemen, Sudan, and the Sahel region are just a few examples where delayed or insufficient UN intervention has exacerbated suffering:
- Yemen: The world’s worst humanitarian crisis continues with minimal UN oversight. While the UN has facilitated peace talks, its ability to enforce agreements or ensure humanitarian aid is distributed remains weak.
- Sudan: The outbreak of civil war in 2024 has displaced millions, with the UN unable to establish a ceasefire or secure humanitarian corridors.
- The Sahel: As extremist groups destabilise the region, UN peacekeeping forces face logistical and funding challenges, leaving communities vulnerable.
Climate Change: A Crisis of Complacency
While the UN has been vocal about the need for climate action, its efforts have fallen short of addressing the urgency of the crisis. The COP summits, organised under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), often conclude with watered-down agreements and vague commitments.








